The Birds Used to Supply Feathers in Jacket and Down Industry

The use of feathers in jackets and down products, especially those designed for insulation, relies heavily on birds like geese and ducks. Although in the past, the feathers of various species of wildfowl and gulls were used, the industry nowadays largely relies on ducks and geese. Ducks and geese, primarily farmed for their meat, are valued for their feathers, particularly the down—a layer of fine, soft feathers found beneath the tougher exterior feathers. Down is prized for its excellent thermal insulation properties, lightweight feel, and ability to trap heat, making it a popular choice in outdoor gear such as winter jackets, sleeping bags, and comforters.

Ducks and Geese Used for Down 

Goose down, especially from larger geese like the Hungarian goose, is considered superior in terms of insulation quality due to its larger clusters, which trap more air and provide greater warmth. Goose down is also more expensive because geese are generally larger birds and produce larger feathers and down clusters. Duck down, though still effective, is typically considered of lesser quality compared to goose down. However, it is more affordable and is still widely used in down products, particularly in mid-range apparel and bedding.

The primary sources of feathers come from geese and ducks raised on farms, especially in countries like China, Hungary, and Poland. China, in particular, dominates the global production of down feathers due to its extensive poultry farming industry.

Methods of Feather Collection

Feather harvesting is done in a variety of ways, some of which have sparked ethical concerns. After slaughtering the bird, the feathers are collected -- but the harsh reality is, some feathers are harvested via live-plucking or gathering during molting seasons. Live-plucking, in which feathers are pulled from live birds, is widely condemned for its cruelty and has led to calls for more humane treatment. As a result, many companies are now seeking to adopt Responsible Down Standards (RDS) or similar certifications that ensure feathers are sourced ethically from birds that are not subjected to inhumane treatment.

Industry Trends and Alternatives

Due to growing concerns over animal welfare, the down industry has seen shifts towards more sustainable and ethical practices. Many companies now opt for down that is certified by organizations that promote humane treatment. Synthetic alternatives to down, such as polyester fibers are also gaining popularity, providing consumers with options that mimic the insulation properties of down without using animal products.